Coking apparatus.



F. PRIB YL.

some APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-M19131 RENEWED DEC. 17v 19H,

I-atented Sept. 24, 1918;,

6 SHEETS--SHEET I.

Inven or F PRIBYL.

comm; APPARATUS,

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 4,1913. RENEWED DEC. 7v I9?- 1,279,757.FatontedSept. 24,1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2- mlnessesr l'h venl'a'i' F ancis F, PRIBYL.

CGKINGAPPARATUS.

APPLmAHuH FILED NOV.4,1913. RENEWEDDEC. 11.1911,

Patented Sept. 94, 1918,

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. PRIBYL. comm; APPARAT S. A'PPLICATION FILED NOV. 4. IQIH. RENEWEDDEC.

Patented Sept. 24, 1918.

E SHEETS-SHEET 5,

F. PRIBYL.

COKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED novw. 191s. RENEWED use. 17.1911.

Patented Sept. 24, 1918.

s SHEETS-SHEET 6.

98 W J o 1 T s 6.5 Um fi \w m. m m: r m I mu F W M g. mm Q: Jig $9M'Znsses UNITED STATEs PATENT ()F'FiCE.

EBANCIS- PRIBYL, F WILMETTE, ILLINOIS.

comm; AP ARAT S.

Application filed November 4, 1913, Serial No. 799.113.

To a. whom it may concern:

Be it known that It Fluxc'ls Pmurn a citizen of the United States.residing at \Yilnlctte. in. the county of (ooh and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful llllPI'OVGll'lQHtH in CokingApparatus. of which the following is a ,ecitication.

One of the main Objects of the present invention to provide a processand a construction whereby the coal or other material. may heted incontinuously or periodically at the desired rate. the distillationproceeding at. a substantially constant rate, so that the gases givenoff will remain constant in quality and charaeteristicsc thereby ohviacing the. necessity of providing any other means for securing auniformity of the gas. Another object in this connection is to provide aconstruction such that if desired the richer gases. composed chiefly ofthe saturated and unsaturated llYtllOflll'lKfllS, may be taken oti'separate from the leaner gases which comprise chiefly the leanerhydrocarbone and the. hydrogen. so that by nieans of such separation,gases adapted tor diifcrent purposes and uses can be simultaneouslyobtained. Means are, however. provided for mixing these gases at certainstages in the distillation process, so that it desired, there an hcohtained a composite gas having the properties and characteristics of amixture or composition of all, Ora portion, of the constituent gases. l.

Another object of-the invention is to entable the simultaneousproduction of the leaner hydrocarbons and hydrogen, or the 5 producergas or water gas-, so that if desired a gas having the characteristicsof a mixture, of the leaner hydrocarbons and producer gas or watergascan be obtained. 1

Still another-object is to .n'ovide a construction suchthat thedistillation can be earriedforward at any desired speed with i acorresponding control of the quality and characteristics otthc coke orpartially coked material, acoording'to the which such mterial is to beplaced. For

i example, in case it is desired to fully remove, the volatile contents;thc'speed'and manner of operation may be adjusted accordingly, but incase it is desired to produce a product ;from which the v Specificationof Letters Patent.

subsequent heat to latile contents havc beclr Patented'Sept. 24, 191-8,Renewed December 17, 1917. Serial No. 207,628.

only partially removed or distilled, the speed of operation can beaccordingly adjusted. Such a material might be of' .yalue in themamifacturc of a new and ,im )roved form of hriquct, which might becalled a smokeless briquet and which would be made from amaterialhaving'only a portion of the volatile contents removed. 1

As the richer hydrocarbons pass ofi they contain a comparatively largeper cent. of materials which, under varyingconditions, condense intotars or other liquid products. The temperatures and conditions under-which such condensation takes place are. generally such that thesematerials are deposited very shortly attei-"thc richer hydrocarbons haveleft the material which is being distilled, and they are frequently asource of annoyance and trouble for the reason, that they tend to clogthe pipes or conduits through which the gas ishe ing conducted.

However, in case the gases be subjected to.

certain additional heat or other treatment, it will be. found that thegases which would otherwise have. condensed to form these tarrymaterials will he fixed. or cracked in such manner that the tarrymaterials cannot forin. By treating the gas in this manner theaforementioned ob ectmn to the use of 'the richer hydrocarbonsismverc'o'me, and at the same time the tar producing materials arebrought into a condition there theywill be. of value in the gasproduction. Flor this purpose I have 'such that the richer hydrocarbonscan be passed directly to a distributing main; or can be passed intoanotherheated body for further treatment if desired.

In the manufacture of producer and water gas according to presentprocesses out which I amaware, the heat nocessaryfor carrying onthe'process is generated by the consumption of a portion of .thcjimaterial which is undergoingdistillation, so thatthe cat or othermaterial which is being coked is subsequently consumedor' burned for thegeneration of additional heat. It therefore follows that when theflzokinaction cm:- ried on with such a process t ere is no separation of the coing material from the ma.-

terial which is being consumed for the gem;

eition of the heat and therefore the coking provided a constructionmaterial cannot be Subsequently recovered as a by-product or otherwise.Furthermore,

it generally ha pens that the amount of heat .generatedby t e combustionof the coal in this manner is much greater than that necessary forcarrying on the distillation process.

ThlS results in a considerable waste of-heat energy, and consequently auseless consumption of material.

One of the fundamental features underlying the operation of themechanism to which the resent invention relates is the passage of tl iehot gases as soon as generated and without free oxygen through a body ofcarbonaceous material other than that which is consumed in theproduction of the hot gases,- so that the entire body of carbonaceousmaterial undergoing distillation will be treated to the "distillingaction, without any oxidation, and thus caving the entire solid contentsof the carbonaceous material as coke of the desired composition andcharacteristics for recovery as a byroduct, or, in some cases, asthemain pr not of distillation. As one means of carrying into effect theprocess I pass hot carbon monoxid and nitrogen or hot water gas orroducer gas, generated in the manner ascribed through the body ofcarbonaceous material whichis undergoing treatment. As a simple means"of carrying ln'toeffect this feature of the invention I have providedonechamber or portion of receptacle in which a portion of material isundergoing oxidation to-carbon monoxid, or to water gas, or producergas, and then pass such of carbonaceous materia contained 'in anotherreceptacle or another portion of the .same receptacle. y

In addition to the foregoing objects general objects may be stated to bethe govision of an arrangement such that the co ing can be carriedforward with a maximum efiiciency and economy and in such manner as toproduce resultant products of, varying forms and conditions according tothe wishes of the operator. Other objects and uses will appear from adetailed description of the invention, which consists in thehereinafter-described and claimedprocesses, and constructions ofapparatus In the drawings: Figure 1 shows a vertical section through oneform of construction or mechanism whereby various features of theinvention herein disclosed may be put into effect. Fig. 1 may beconsidered as a section 'taken\ on lines 11 of either Fig. 2 or Fig. 3;Fig. 2 -is a cross section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in thedirection of the arrows- Fi 3 is a cross section taken on line 33 ofFig. l looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4-13 a cross sect on taken on the hue gas through a body v 4-4 ofFig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through the gas purifier, being taken onthe line 5'5 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 shows diagramatically a plant for the manufacture of briquets andthe. like according to the process of my invention;

Fig. 7 is. a plan view of the arrangement 'shown in Fig. 6;

be fed'into the several chambers or compartments wherein the distillingprocesses are carried forward, while in the arrangement shown in Figs. 8and 9 separate receptacles for the carbonaceous material and for theheat generating material are rovided. In the particular arrangementillustrated in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive; I have shown the gas generatingand coking generator as associated with a series of .gas purifiers ortar separators. It will, however, appear that this arrangement may alsobe modified or changed according to requirements.

In Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, the gasgenerating and coking compartment isdesignated in its entirety by the numeral 8, while the gas purifyingcompartment is designated in its entirety b the numeral 9. Thegenerating compartment includes the producer gas compartment 10 and thecoking compartments 11 and 12, indicated respectively at the left andright hand sides of the producer gas compartment in Fig. 1. As aconvenient mode or manner of construction, all three of thesecompartments areembodied or contained within-a common inclosure, beingseparated from each other simply by the partitions 13 and 14. Thesepartitions are shown as terminating some distance below the roof 15 soas to provide a space 16 above all three compartments and beneath a feedhopper or the like 17. This hopper may be of any suitable constructionwhereby the coal orother material may be fed into the space 16. In thearrangement illustrated a body portion 18 communicates at its upper endwith the hopper 17, and at its lower end with the space 16. Within thisbody portion is rotatably mounted a member 19 having a plurality ofblades 20. These'bla-des work within the body-portion and allowquantities of the coal or other material to pass from the hopper intothe space/16, but provent a flow of gas from the space coal containedin'the hopper to rotate theineniher? l9 and thus deliver additional coaltothe. space 16. A guide flange25. preferablyxextendszstraight down intothe space 16 to allow the coal to be properly" delivered to theseveralcompartments. nder these circumstances the coal or other material willfill all three of the: eoinpartments 10. 11

and l rs ubs tantially up to the broken lines 26 of1fFig. 1, thoroughlycoveringover the u'zppeiiedges of the partitions 13 and 14. In ordertoibetter' direct the coal during this fillingjopeliatio r it ispreferred that the upper edges 27 ofi.-th e partition be tapered or\\-'edge isl rapcd,'ais indicated .in Fig. 1.

In t ea-lower portion of the compartment 10 there is mounted a gratestructure for supportingi the material contained in suchcon'ipartinnt-i' Y hIn' the arrangementillustratia l' tli i' slstrueture takes the 'fornrof a cradle having thefe pd walls'i28provided with .vcrtical, bars 29 thej ashgrat'e 3O sustainingthejniaterial contained in the compartment. 'Thesegashlgratesniay .beof.any: desired con--- st'ru'ction, andare, il]nstratcd as taking't heforni fo f."longitudinally extending n'oeker rods 31 carryinggthegrate-bars .32. ,The air rangen ent 1s suchthat thefash will pass intoan ash pit 33 ash; is formed. orSO thatthe entire body; of. material,contained in the producer gas eompartment'can. he dropped into'said pit,if desired. A door 34 provides a ready means forcleaning the pit fromtime to time asdesircd. A-longone side of the cradle-there may beprovided a number of separated bars 35 which are'set inward a slightdistance from the'partit-ion 13 to permit air to freely gain access tothe side of the body of material contained in the compartment 10. Anumber of, water heating coilsor pipes 36 may be extended along theother side of the cradle for the purpose of absorbing some of the heatgenerated therein, as for example forthe generation 'of steam.

The upper portion of the-structure is provided'with discharge ports 37and 38 through which the richer gases may be delivered by means ofdowneomers 39 and 40 either to a. manifoldyll or to a line 42,depe'nding upon the positions of the valves -43 and 4%. In Fig. 1'thesevalves are shown as being thrown into position to deliver the gasinto the flue 42. By throwing each of said valvesover through an. angleof 90 degrees they will cause the, ases to be delivered to the manifold"ll, whereas by throwing them to some intermediate.position the gas willbe split into two parts one; part going to the as best.lillusi'ratcd inFigs. 2 and 3.

manifold and one part to the flue. These ports 37 and 38 are for thepurpose of taking off the richer hydrocarbons when the with the lowerportion of the com mrtmenl 11 by means of a port 45 in the side of'suchcompartment; Thence this fine extends across therear of the structure,as shown by. the dotted lines in Fig. 1, and is adapted to deliver itsgas either through the port +6 to the c-on'ipartment 12 or through theport 47 to the gas purifying department 9.

A valve 48 is adapted to control the delivery of gas through the ports46 and 47. and for such purpose this valve takes the form of a platehaving an opening 49. When the plate is drawn out into the positionshownin Fig. 1 the port 46 is opcncd and the port 47 is closed whereas whenthe plate. is forced inward thercvcrsc action takes place. it will beseen, however, that this valve can be stopped at intermediate positionsso as to permit delivery of the gas partly through each port.

The upper portions of the partitions l3 and lame provided with openings50 which preferably have thcir lower edges bevclcd as at 51. 'It ispreferred that each partition be provided with a plurality of suchopenings shared across its upper. portion, The openings in the partition14'may be controlled by a valve member 51. In the arrangement takes theform of an elongated plate having a plurality of holes 52 corrcs mmlingto the holes 50. \Vlien the plate is drawn over into the )ositiou shownin Fig. 3 all of the openings will be uncovered whereas \vhcn the plateis forced over the proper distance. all of-the openings-will be closed.It will be seen, however, that this plale may be thrown intointcrnualiutc position where the openings will he only partly closed.

lVith the arrangement thus far described the operation may he carried onas follows: Assuming that the ra W material is to be coal, the hopper 7is filled 'froi'u time to time so that a substantially continuous supplyof coal will be delivered into the space 16 in the upper portion of thestructure. This coal will feed down siinultaneo'sly into the compartments 10, 11 and 12 as needed, and will maintain an angle of reposesubstaniiallvon the lines 26 as shown in Fig. 1. The heat required forcarrying on the dis tillation and cooking process islto be generated inthe con'lpartment 10, w'hile the distillation and cooking processes areto be carried on mainly on the com n1rtments 11 and 12. some of thedistillation will take place illustrated this valve member cred into theash pit 33 from which it will pass upwardly through the bodyof burningand incandescent coal contained in compartment 10. The coal in this bodywill burnthe compartment 10 should be of sufficient size to provide alarge enough body of incandescent material to consume the oxygen as itis admitted without the generation of carbon dioxid, or if generated toreconvert it to monoxid.

The heat generated by the process goin on in the com )artment 10 will beradiate and conducte or carried by convection through the partitions 13and 14 and as sensible heat in the gases passing from the compartment 10through the compartments 11 and 12 into the coal of the adjacentcompartments 11 and 12', andwill also serve to heat the body of coalabove the upper edges 27 of the partitions. As the coal enters from thehopper it is substantially cold, but as it passes downward it becomeshotter and hotter, and correspondin ly distils. As previously explainedthe rst gases given oil are the richer hydrocarbons, and inasmuch as thecoal from which these gases are distilling isthe coal in the upper partof the space 16, and is therefore that coal closest to the ports 37 and38, it follows that if a slight suction, or at least if a free exit beallowed at these ports, the richer hydrocarbons will pass out throughthem as rapidly as generated. Thence such gas will pass either to themanifold 41 or to the flue 42 as previously explained.

There is maintained in the purifying department a suction suflicient toinsure that the major portion of the gases generated in the compartment10 will pass by way of the port 45 and flue 42, or by way of the port.53,

into the purifying department, assuming that the valve 51 be thrown intoopen posi-- tion, and that the valve 48 be thrown over" so as to closethe port 46 and open the port 47. If the valve 48 be thrown over toclose the port 47 and open the port 46 the gas generated in thecompartment 10 will pass by way of the port 45 and flue 42, through theport 46 into the compartment 11, and will there mingle with the gasgenerated in the compartment 11. Thence all of such gas will pass by wayof the port 53 into the purifying department. On account of the sensibleheat contained in the gases, and On account of the radiation or passageof heat from the compartment 10 through the partitions 13 and 14, thematerial contained in the compartments 11 and 12 will be raised .to sucha temperature as to continue the distillation process in, suchcompartments. Therefore the gases passing to the purifying departmentwill comprise not only the producer gas or water gas generated in thecompartment- 10, but also whatever of the leaner hydrocarbons aregenerated in the'compartments 11 and 12.

In case the valves 43 and 44 be thrown into the position illustrated inFi 1 the richer hydrocarbons will also be delivered into the flue 4'2,and will thence be carried into the gas purifying department along withthe x the producer gas will pass through both 015.94}

the compartments 11 and 12 to mingle with the leaner hydrocarbonstherein generated, and the iber hvdtecarbons will be diverted downflint-43h toe compartment 12 so that they will be acted upon by the massof incandescent. material contained in the com- V partment 12. Thenceall of the gases will pass by way of the port 53 in) the purifyingdepartment. Under these conditions the richer hydrocarbons will besubjected to the action of the mass of incandescent material in thecompartment 12 so that those portions which would otherwise condenseinto the tar products will be split or fixed by this mass ofincandescent material, to thereby prevent the formation of tars fromthem. In case the valve 51 be thrown over into position to close theports of the partition 14, the valve 48 being left in. the positionindicated in Fig. 1, all of the uses generated 1 into the compartment 10will pass by. Way of the compartment 11, flue 42,and port 46 downthrough the compartment 12 toe be there acted upon again by the mass of;incandescent material contained in compartment 12. Under theseconditions the action in the compartment 12 will be different from thatin the compartment 11 so that the coke produced therein will. be ofdifferent characteristics from that in the compartment 11. Of course theoperation just outlined may be in turn modified by having the 44 eitheropen ,or closed. I

From the foregoing it will be seen that valves 43 and many. different.kinds or qualities of gas may desires of the operator. I will nowproceed9 able mechanism may pockets or the like 56 may be provided for theaccommodation of the picks in their rotation; The picks may 'be spaced asuitable distance apart as illustrated in Fig.

and thus the period .or as shown. by the raised or projecting pockets inFig. 3. The picks of each compartment are adapted to support and workagain-st the lower portion of the mass of material contained therein,breaking oil or removing the material from the lower portion of suchmass, and thus allowing the mass to gradually work downward in thecompartment. In orderto facilitate this action, and to prevent bindingof the mass against the sidewalls of the compartment, said side wallsare preferably tapered away from each other as they proceed downwardly,as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. By adjusting the speed of rotation of thepicks in each compartment the speed at which the material is removedfrom the. be adjusted,

lower portion of the mass may of time necessary for the material to passdown through the compartment'may be adjusted to glve either a rapid orslow tnavel. If the travel isto be rapid the material will only be subected to the action of the heat for a short time,

with the result that only a; portion of the hydrrx'arbons will beextracted from the coal or other material;

slow operation be used. "the coking process may be carried through to completion practically allot the volatile matters being distilled oil"; yn

'lhe'pieks of each compartment are'adapted to deliver their materialdown onto a conveyer 57 of silitable fdrmand construction. Thisconvey-er ispreferably set with its can 54, so that as the mateon theconvoyer rial accumulates in its travel, sufiicientclearance will heprovided and delivered to a screen or to accommodate the increasingdepth of material. Inthe arrangement illustrated the conveyors shafts 5L arehorizontal u'hile the are set to travel dow-t'twardl Each if theconveyors 57 delivers its material to another conveyor 58 by which itwill t no Inasmueh as lie compartments 11f and 12 are coustuntlvsubjected to a certain amount e of the com-- .partments substantially asindicated, and

()n the other hand if a.

difi'erent angle from the be carriedbup ments. The front wall of eachcompartment. low enough to provide an carried down inverted weir 61,which extends down into the water of the trough. With this arrange mentit follows that as the material is delivered fromthe picks it will haveto pass down into the'water of the trough; and be thence raised again bymeans of the conveyer 58. Thus the waterse'rves the two functions ofsealing the compartment against the entrance of air, and of cooling thematerial taken off by the picks, so that such material will not becomeignited when it finally emerges into the air. This construction iswellillustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. In case the speed of operation in thecompartments 11 and 12 be comparatively rapid so that only a portion ofthe volatile contents is removed from the material in such compartments,itwill be found that the ,material taken ed by the picks can'be-broughtinto a softened condition by the amoderate degree of heat. .hereiorethis manufacture of a quality of briquet to :be presently described,inasmuch as it is not necessary to add binding material to themaplication of a fmaterial is admirably adapted for use in the terialfor working up into the .briquets But 1 when the plastic coal is thusbriqueted it is conveyed directly to briqueting machinery and only whenbriquetedis droppedinto water to be cooled o When it is desiredmaterials pass intofr pit 65 to be thence carried by a conveyor 6 to ahopper 67. Each hoppe ldelivers its material to a mixer 68 to use thematerial dellvered by the picks in a biqucting processwhere otherbinding materials are added.

from the coking be fully distilled a binding material,

If the material delivered and gas generating plant it is necessary toadd 'such as tar o;- powdercd' caking coal which is done in the mixers(38. From the mixer 68*tbe material passes to the briquetii'lg machinesfill where it is finally working into the desired form.

i It will now be apparent that the herein disclosed arrangen'ient issuch that briquets of any desired composition may be produced, dependinglargely upon the speed at which the compartnn-nts 11 and 12 areoperated, depending upon the manner in which the gas is handled throughthe flue. etc. It will also be seen that it is possible withthisarrangement to produce a smokeless briquet, that is one made from acoal, peat, on other material from which a portion or all of thevolatile matter has been expelled. By expelling only a portion of thevolatile matter, namely, the richer hydrocarbons, the material taken offby the picks will be of such composition that the briquets can be formedup merely by. the

application ofheat, and without the necessity of adding any otherbinding material. Furthermore the briquets as made in this manner willbe sufficiently free from volatile matter to burn smokeless, thus makingthem extremely desirable for use in many localities. Nevertheless, whenthe bl'lilulln' are made in this way all of the volatile mat-- terwhichwas driven off has been saved ahd can be used in the gas manufacture.

. "The gas purifying compartment 9 includes a, plurality of cells orcompartments 70'through which the gas may be directed in succession forthe extraction of the tarry matter. These cells-are in pairs, apartition 71 extending upward to separate the lower .portions of eachpair of cells. Openings 72 connect adjacent pairs of cells together sothat the gas will have an up and down movementas it passes through theseries of cells. The lower portions of the cells constitute pans ortroughs 73 in which the tarry matters may be collected below theopenings 72. At the rear side of the structure there is a vat 74corresponding to each of the cells 70 and each of the pockets 73 is incommunication with the corresponding" vat. by means of a assage'75beneath an inverted weir '76. lz'ith this arrangement it, follows thatthe tarry matter deposited in each cell will collect in the lowerportion thereof and may pass thence beneath theweir to the correspondingvat where it will collect and from which it may be removed from? time totime. Owing to the fact that there is a vat '74 corresponding to eachcell it follows that the various tarsndep'ositedin the cells mav becollected separately. This enables the-tars of various compositions andqualities to be separately collected. I have provided means forcoolingthe walls of the-cells ii that should be d sined go as to assistthe condensation of the tar. For this purpose the walls are made hollowto provide the openings '7 7 best shown in Fig;

.1, 4 and. 5, and any suitable means may provided for causmgstreams ofwater to circulate in such OPQIllIIgS tO keep the walls wet for coolingpurposes. \Vhen it is desiredto use tar as a binder in the briquetingmachines such tar may be obtained from the. desired cell. or may bebrought in from some other source, if desired.

It is desired to cool the material passing downward through 'thecompartments 11 and 12 after it has passed the openings 45. and 53. toimprove the action of the picks or other disintegrating mechanism, andto improve the quality of the material delivered by the picks. At thesame time it is desired to conserve as much as possible. the sensibleheat given off by this material as it cools so as to improvethe'eificiency of op oration of the system as a whole. For this purposeI have provided means for circulating air in those portions'of the wallsof the compartments which lie at points below the grate 30 and below theopenings 45 and 53, inasmuch as it is not necessary, and may not bedesirable for the distillation process to continue after the materialshave passed below the openings 45 and 53. These are the air passages 78of the compartment 11, and 79 of the compartment 12. In order to stillfurther improvc=the efficiency of operationfold the heated air isdelivered approximately one-half into the lower right hand passage 79 ofthe compartment 12, andapproximately one-half into the lower left handpassage 78 of the compartment 11. The air of each passage then passesforward,up,and back, and then across. The air being he: ted

by the compartment 12 passes across to the lower left. hand passage 79,while that being heated by' the compartment 11 passes across to thelower right hand passage 78. In these passages theair passes forward,then up, and then back, and is finally delivered through the ports 83into the ash pit beneath thejproducer gas compartment 10. It thusfollows that the air being delivered for combustion purposes is heatedby the cooiing materials that a very large percentage of the heatwhichwould otherwise bewasted is conserved and thus the efiiciency ofopera- .tion is improved. As a means for operating the blower a steamngine or turbine 84 may be used, the same delivering its exhaust steamto the at:

A blower or dislike 81 delivers air mosphere or by means of a connection85 into theair flue. This latter connection is 20 which generates thehot gases.

compartment 10 for the manufacture of water gas in the mannerprevic'uisly set forth.

\Vhen operating in this manner the steam will be carried into theincamlescent mass in the compartment along with the. air for combustion.

y In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a modified construction in which thecompartment or receptacle for the carbonaceous material 1m:

10 dergoing treatment is a portion of that compartment in which the hotgases are being produced. but in which construction the carlmnaceousmaterial used for the generation of the hot gases may be different inquality and clun'acteristics from that which is undergoing treatment. Intlre'prcsent case' the hopper S6 is adapted to supply the material whichis undergoing treatment, while the hopper 87 supplies the. material Theinterior of the inclosurc 88 separated to sonic extent into two comiartments 89 and 90 by means of a plurality of downwardly depend- ,ingbars or rods 91*. These bars simply serve to prevent the differentclasses of ma-.

terial from. becoming 'mixed' together, but, they do not interfere witha free passage of the gases. a y

In the lower portion of the compartment tltl there is mounted a grate orthe like 91 which, preferably slants toward another .gratc 92 mounted ina side wall, substantially as indicated. plurality of ash bars 92-;carried by the longitiulinally extending 35 rod 9-} serve to collect theash as the same finds its way down over the grate 91., so that the ashmay be dropped into the pit ll?) from time totime by rocking the shaftEll. A door" 06 leading into the ash pit givesreadvacccss to the same,for the; removal of the ash.

' longitudinally extending an: tine ll? serves to deliver air throughllues or the like 98 located at the end of the oven to a space- .lll inthe wall or partition 1110. space the air is directed down into thespace 101 behind the. grate 91.01.- through lines 10;"

located at the ends of the oven into the space.

' v10 5 behind the grate .l-l. ltthns follows thatall of the airadmitted to the n-aterial undergoing crnnbnstionis passed through thehollow wall ltltl'and is therefore subjectctllo the heat of such wall.

may be provided for controlling the admission of air from the line 97.

The lower portion of space. 8!) communicates by means'of a portjltlfiwi'th the gas tine. ltlti. "lhisl'luein turn ct'nninimicate witha. gas purifying suction device. according to the to which the gas is tobe placed. lorts pltitment tit) serve to oarrv off the. richer'llhlt'ocarbons. if dcsn'ed. m the manner preroll y described.

'ported by the block material in its movement From this Valves 104 the.compartment or 3 rated in the upper portion of the cone.

"1 a, lower portion of the compartment 89 there is slidably mounted anangular block of concrete or the like 108 Which'may be projected outinto the position illustrated .in Fig. ,8. or may be withdrawn intothesocket 109 by means of a handle or-the likc'llO. \Vhen the block iswithdrawn into the socket the lower portion of the compartment S9 isunobstru ted by the block,' and the, material may pass down freely tothe picks or other removing or cutting devices. ()n the other hand whenthe block stands in its projected position as illustrated, it willinterfere with tbc. frce mm'emcnt of the material at the left hand sideof the oven so that? a portion of material will be sup-B0 for a longperiod of time and will not. descend with the re-- maindcr of thematerial. Atsnch times this portion of material will attain and retainthe maximum temperatureexisting in the compartment Stk and the gaspassing into the line 10(7) will be forceclto traverse or pass through,this body of. hot material. At such times. therefore. this body of material will perform the function heretofore described as being performedby the mate-' rial contained in the coiiipartmen't 12 of the arrangementshown in Fig. 1 whenthe valve member 48 stands in the positionillustrated in such figure. That "is, the lnaterial'snstaincd by themember 108 will serve the function of fixing the gas passingthrough itto the fine.

In order to better control the movement of the body of material when themember 108 stands in the position illustrated. lhave pro; videdadeflector or dating poi trionlll in the side wall of the connmrtment89. This deflector will tend. to guide the main body. of

which is sustained by the block 108 will not be thrown or dragged fromsaid block but will maintain its position thereon.

In the arrangementshown in Fig. 8 l. have illustrated a coke removingdevice of dif- 1 fcrent construction from that shown in Fig,

1. In the present case a plurality of picks or the like llzixeaeh havingits outer end beveled to provide a cutting edge lltifare adapted totravel back and forth across the 15 lower portion of the materialdescending through the compartment 89. These picks may be convenientlysupported or carried by a cross bar o r the like 1H. An extension ll? iscouncctcil to a lever illti so that. by 0 operating said lever the pickswill be worked back and forth. When theapicks stand in the projectedposition shown in Fig; 3 they will ofithcmselves support the materialcontained in the compartnu-nt. In order to sup- 5 port. the materialwhen the picks are withdrawn. and at the same time to allow the materialto descend a certain distance] have provided a platform or the like ll?wnicn is adapted to travel back and forth sinnil- 1 so that the portiota-neously with the picks. This platform has its front edge 118substantially in line w1th the cutting edge 113 of the picks, so that asrapidly as the icks are withdrawn the plat- 5 form will fol ow tosupport the material which descends in the compartment. In order tocause a simultaneous movementof the picks and platform the end portionsof the platform may be connected to the cross bar 114 by means of endbars 19- With the pick arra ement just described each time the picks anplatform are drawn to the left substantially the entire body ofmaterigfl contained inthe compartment 89. will be, ,allowed to descendand be supported by the platforma If the movement c then reversed thepicks will shear oil a th1ckness of material substantially e .ual to thedistance between the upper sur ace of the platform and the edges of the1cks. As the picks perform this'shearmg gunction they serve to sustainthe material-even though theplatform be retreating; Obviously, anyS1111? able mechanism may be provided for; periodically moving the plcksand platform back and forth. In order to cool the material as itdescends after being cut oil a water pocketv or the likjeL-120 may beprovided beneath the compartment 89', said water pocket serving alsoaaa'water' seal to the. compartment.

It will be seen from the tore'goin thatthe fundamentalfeatures'.underlym g t e opera-' tion' of the arrangement shown n- Fig.Bare the same as those underlying the-previously described'arrangement.The hot gases are generated in the compartment (-90 bycom bustion of oneportion of material on the grates 91 and 92, thereby completelyconsuming the oxygen which enters, then the hot ases th-us' generatedand without mass or body of material in the compartment 89- 1. Inasmuchas the fundamental or. underlying feature or principle. isthe assage ofhot gases generated by the com ust101'1 of one portion of material andwithout the '-presence of free oxy on through the bod of another portion0 material so that sue other body tilli might be ado y gases. in the.rst place. For exampla m some instances it 'm'ghtbe desired to burn gasinstead of coal h'r other solid fuel for the generation of the hotgases, and therefore inFig. 9 I have shown a modified form of grateadapted to be used in connection with the other featuresof Fi 8. In theas arrangement shown in Fig. 9 uelgas from .ing to carbon monoxid it isbeing carbonmonoxidisini I Ordinarily in the production of producerexcess :10. oxygen pass through the entire viioperform the distillingfunction therein without oxidation or combustion; Therefore at such timetheyarrangement shown in Fig. 8 operateso'n identical] the.

is simply subjected to the disv action of hot gases without oxidatlon,it to lows that I any .other arrangements". J for e at ng h h t ,ingvalue impaired, by'the 'bondioxid, In other wor any desired sourceis'delivered from a main 121 through the openings 122 and directs thegas in this manner it is evident that the admission of air may becontrolled in such manner that the gas will burn to carbon monoxidinstead of carbon dioxid, so that when it has passed through the body ofmaterial in compartment 89 and mingled with the gas liberated inthe-same the entire volume or body of'gas passing into the flue will beof a combustible composition. It therefore follows that the modificationshown in Fig. 9 is capable of producing sub stantially the sameresultsin substantially illustrated. I wish to call particular attention to"the fact that in carrying on a distilling process according to the-methods herein'dlsclosed the entire sensible heat'liberated during theformation of the gases evolved by combus'- tion is available for usefulwork as, this the same way as the other arrangements sensible heat isthe heat v whichserves'to perj form the distilling function .of the-main body of carbonaceous material. For example, if the coal-.or gaswhich is being burned 1n the compartment 10 of thearrangement shown inFig; 1, or the compartment 90 of the arrangement shown in Fig. 8, isburrigenerating a certain number of heat units per 'unit of mass, butnevertheless the fcombustible.

gas the sensible heat of the .carbon-monoxid 15 lost inasmuch as the arecooled before they can be transported or stored. In the present case,however I make use of this 'senslbleheat for the distillation of themainbody'of carbonaceous material which is undergoin :the coking operationthereby saving the ensible heat and causing it to rform useful'work,Furthermore by al owingfthe' material to burn only to a suflicientquantity of carbpn monoxi sensible heat is berated to raise thetemperature of'the monoxid to a sufiicient degree to fully coke'thematerial if desired, and then, when the carbon monoxid mingles with thehydrocarbon thus liberated,l' the mixture will not be diluted, or haveits heat resen'ce of caruses of a combustible gas, self-heated in itstion of the carbonaceous matfiial.

s generated,

a ei ake 12s Under some conditions-it may be desired I to enrich thegases delivered from the oven, or to increase the proportion f richerhy-' .the enriching oils will he dnocarbons. p byxtheinjectmn of 011s,

w into or) onto the carbonaceous "bar so of Fig. s.

--This can be coiweniently done" the necessity of suddenly injectingthem. into allowed toasccl'ul through the comm-ms. it Will hcpossiblo togenerate a combination including water though the has an extremel thecustom at the present tune.

* material descending be evolved. This steam, or steam hot mess ofmaterials as is I have previously explained. that ast-he chambers (11and 12 of the arrangement shown in Figs. 11.0.7 inclusive, and S9 ofthe-arran ement shown in Figs. 8 and 9) is remove by the picks o1:othefi'uechanislnit may be allowed to descend into the Water baths orseals. This material. will contain considerable heat as itcntorstheWater,and consequently a certain amount of steam will introduced in any otl'wr inmnier desired. may be mass of Colo .ingmaterial inthe clmmhois 1.1. 12 or 89. nd, when allowed to puss through this col;-ing material will serve to generate a certain amount oil. 'Wfllfildircci'ly in those rlis- It will. he soon that allowed iota-he th linewhen the above action is place the cntei ing the flue -1 or 106 willcontain Water gas generated in the distillationcon'ipm'tmcnts."z'l'nclor l'hosc cirgas. even gxcum'aled in the compartment 1001 thearrangements shown in Fi i's.

1 to 7 inclusive, ortho compartment. '90 of the arrangement shown inFig. 5 be pure producer gas.

I; have previously explained how by nianipulation. of the Valveshl. and48 the ac tion going on in the distillation compartment'12 canbecontrolled in various menners. The generation 0i Water gas is anendothermic act1on---that is one in which heatis absorbed duringthegeneration oi the gases. It therefore follows that "the heatnecessary fofthe generation of the water gas must he sinipliccl'oi'rh .rcaution ously oi intermittently. If the content Oil? hot oases comingover from i no compartinent 10 through thccpmpartmonts ll. and

. current of ;g

be continuous this current of hot gee will coiutlnuou'" y supply thenecessary heat for thcgcneration ()fWQlZH1 QIilS in the compartments 11.and 12'. If on the other hand the "flowing through eithenthe compartment11 generation of Water or the compartment 12 be intermittent the gas inthese compart merits 11 and 12 will be intermittent. In

tars,-or the likev material-as the through the distillation generatedducer as of s from the compartment .10

case the valve 51 be length of time so that hot gases will fiow leftopen for axortain through the compm-tment 12 to hea-hthe ma- Manifestly.mcchan sn'i might be provided for controlling ,tl'ieiflow of. roducergas through the compartment 1.1 for purposes similar to the flow ofproducer gas through the compartment 12. i

I desire to summarize certain of the ac-' lions which may be obtainedwith the means herein disclosed as follows:

Ordinary producer gas of min 1 to 160 T. U. capacity may be generatedfrom the compartment 10.

Carhui'eted producer gas of from 175 to 300 B. T. U. capacity maybegenerated by passing lho producer through thecoinpert-orients 11 andCombination Water and producer gas of from 175 to 300 B. T; Ufcapacityinay be by allowing stearnt0--rise=.;.:hp through in which the entiresolid contents of said chambers may be consumed,- or by intxmhgacingsteamthvough the chamber 110.

Combination water, producer. ancl oi-l mid Coal-Q1113 of from 200 toSUOH'IXU. capacity 1 maybe genorahnil by introducing oils '01 tat-s ontothe mass descending in the chamber 16,

in which either partially or fully coked coal. may be obtained by thepicks 'i Illuminating coal gas of from 600 to 800 B. T. U. capacity maybe obtained from the fiu'es37 and 38, at the same time that pro-;approximately 150 B T. U. capacity is obtained throuf h thefliieliQllnfaddition to the foregoing, various combination gases may beobtained by mixing the foregoing constituents in 1 the desiredproportions as has been p1'ew *iccs1y, x plztined- I I .I I i 11 1;?fMa'nifestly, many otherconstt uct ons and arrangements might be adohtedfor carrying into effect the processes of the present invention, andtherefore I' do notlimit rpyself to the arrangements illustratedjciceptas me? be called for in th'eclainis, 1.0mm: 1. In an apparatus ofthecla'ss described,

cf a'phi'r of partitions upwardly be rethe distillation chanibei'sll and12,

within the body of the same to divide the ower portion of said chamberinto three compartments, said partitions terminating at a lowerelevation than the roof of the tinuous removal of coked material withoutthe admission of air or escape of gas, and a suitable, grate inthecentral compartment at lower eleation than the openlngs in thepartition whereby material-entering the centrahcomfiartment maybeseparately burned on said-grate to generate hot producer gas, which wprod ucer gas subsequently passes through the *materia'l contained in theside compartmenlts to distil said material and pass ofi' throligh thedischarge openings.

2. In a device ofithe' class described, the combination with aninclosed'chamber, of a pair of partitions upstanding in'the central,

portion of the same and terminating at a point of lesser elevation thanthe roof of the chamber, to thereby divide the lower portion of thechamber into three compartments, there being openings in each of saidpartitions near the upper edges thereof, there being delivery openingsin the wall of the side compartments at lower elevations than :theopenings in the partitions, means for delivering carbonaceous materialinto the upper portion of the chamber and'into all three of thecompartments, means pennitting continuous removal of coked material fromthe lower portion of each of the side compartments without the admissionof air or the es cape of gas, and-.means-for consuming carbonaceousmaterial descending into the central pompartment to thereby generate hotproducer gas in said compartment, which producer gas thereafter flows incurrent through the openings in the partitions and throughthecarbonaceous material contained in 'the side compartments to therebydistil said material and pass ofi with the distillate gas through thedischarge openings.

3. In a device ofthe class described, the

. combination with an inclosed chamber, of

Oil

partitions upwardly extending in the lower portion of said chamber andterminating at lower elevations than the roof thereof, to therebydivide. the lower portion of the chamber into three'conipartments,there'he- 111g openings in the upper portions of said 'from the lowerpartitions, dampers controlling the flow of gas through said openings,there being discharge openings in the walls of the side compartments atlower elevations than the openings in the partitions, means forintroducing carbonaceous material into the u per portion of the chamberand into all 0 the compartments, means for consuming at a-dcsired ratethe carbonaceous material entering the middle compartment, audomeans forcontinuously removing coke from the lower portion of each of the sidecompartments without the admission of air or the escape oi gas.

4. In a device of the class described, the con'lbination with aninclosed chamber, of partitions upwardly extending in the',lower portionof the same to divide said lower portion into three compartments, saidpartitions terminating at a lower elevation than the roof ofthe'chamber, there being openings in the upper portions of saidpartitions, means for controlling the flow, of gas through saidopenings, there being delivery openings in the wall of the sidecompartments at lower elevations than the openings in the partitions,means for consuming carbonaceous material descending through the centralcompartment to thereby generate producer gas, and means for continuouslyremoving coke from the lower portion of each of the side compartments ata desired rate withoutthe admission of air or the escape of gas. I

5. In a device ofthe class described, the combination with an incloscdchamber, of a pair of partitions upwardly extending into ments at lowerelevations than the openings in the partitions, means for consumingcarbonaceous material in the central compartment to thereby generate theproducer gas, and means for continuously removing coke ortion of each ofthe side compartments without the admission of air or the escape of gas.

' 6. In a device of the class described, the combination with aninclosed chamber, of partitions upwardly extending into the lowerportion of said chamber to divide said lower portion into threecompartments, there being openings in. the up per portions of thepartitions, means for delivering carbonaceous material into each of saidcompartments, there being gas delivery openings in the walls of saidcompartments, means for effectinga desired rate of combustion ofcarbonaceous material contained in the central compartment, and meansfor cont nnonsly removing coke from the lower portion of each of theside compartments at ,a

desiredrate without the admission of air or P so matcrisl toboth of saidcompartments, there i being a gas delivery opening 1n the. wall ofcontrolling the flow the escape of gas.

7. In a, device of the class described, the combination with aninr-losed chamber, of a combustion compartment end a chstlllatloncommitment in the lower portion of the some, means for supplyingcarbonaceous material to each of said compartments, there being anopening establishing communion:

1 lion between said oomperti'nents, means for of gas through said wasdeliver y opening nation corn partm ent the li rstmentumed tween theupper portions of said eomparts ments, means for supplying carbonaceousthe distillation. I'coxnpartmcnt, means for elfecting combustion ofcarbonaceous material at a' des red rate n the combustion com--partment', and -1neans for contlnuously removing coke-from the lowerportion of the distill ution compartment without the admission of air ortheesea-pe of gas.

9. In a device ofthe' class described, the

combination of a combustion compartment and a distillation wmpa'rtinent,means for supplying carbonaceous material to each of said compartments,there being an open- .ing for the delivery of gas from the combustioncompartmentpto a. distillation compartment, Ineansfor controlling theflow of gas through said opening, there bein a as delivery openinginhthe' wall of the dlste lation compartment, meansgforeffect/in adesired rate of combustion in the com ustion compartment, and means forcontinuously removing coke from the distillation c0In-.

pertinent without the admission of air or the escape of gas. i

10. In a device of the class descrlbed, the (tmlli'nnalllfln of acombustion compartment aml' a distillation Compartment, means for s11) lin" an inde enrlent movin mass of carbonaceous material to each of said'compn-rtments; there being an opening. for the delivery of producer gasfrom-the combusi ion compartment to the distillation compartment, mudthere being -a gas delivery opening in the well of the distillationcomrmrtment; means for bnrnin the carbonaceous material supplied to tecombustion compartment, and means for continuously removing coke fromthe distillation compnrt'i'nent without the escape of gas or admissionof air.,

11. In a device of the class describedl'the combination with adistillation compartment, of means for supplying a, moving mass ofcarbonaceous material through thesame, there being a producergas-supplyhopening in onesicle of said"compert nentgandre disn theother'slde of said ompartment an I nleansior eontillate gas deliveryopenm timiously removing cokefrotii the delivery end "of theoompartment' withoutthepidmis sion of air into the: compartment.ortheesc' cape of gas therefrom. I p a I FRANCIS PRIBYLL Witnesses: i rn I THOMAS A. BANKING, J12, FRANCES M. F3051, a

